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I. Introduction
Pneumatic technology is an important development direction is: energy saving, low power, small size, precision, high-speed and long life.
For pneumatic or control system to achieve the above objectives, research institutes and companies from many different aspects of the effort. Such as the traditional pneumatic valve structural innovation, or to improve the performance of its parts, and the introduction of new materials and technology.
Traditional pneumatic solenoid valve used as a large number of electrical - mechanical conversion stage, the electrical control signals are converted into mechanical displacement, push the spool to achieve the switching gas or gas pressure and flow ratio control. As electrical - mechanical conversion stage solenoid are inexpensive, easy operation, etc.; but it also has many drawbacks: such as power consumption, response fast enough, there is heat and electromagnetic interference.
The power of piezoelectric materials - mechanical conversion characteristics introduced into the pneumatic valve, pneumatic valve as electrical - mechanical conversion level, this is a new pneumatic valve different from the traditional technology. Using piezoelectric technology, the performance of the pneumatic valve pneumatic valve with traditional unparalleled advantage. This paper briefly describes the piezoelectric technology, and discussed the piezoelectric pneumatic valve technology in application of the method, and finally describes the use of piezoelectric technology, the performance characteristics of pneumatic valves and typical applications.
Second, the piezoelectric effect profile
For the crystal structure does not exist in very different crystal symmetry center, plus the crystal on the tension, stress or shear stress, in addition to a corresponding deformation, but also a referral in crystal-induced polarization or electric field. This phenomenon is known as the piezoelectric effect; the other hand, if the crystal with electric field, so that the crystal produces electric polarization, the crystal will also be the strain or stress, which is the inverse piezoelectric effect. Both known as the piezoelectric effect. 1880 Curie brothers discovered the piezoelectric effect of tourmaline, from the beginning of the piezoelectric school history.
Piezoelectric pneumatic valve that is the inverse piezoelectric effect and developed.
Third, the piezoelectric technology in the application of pneumatic valve
1, micro-valve direct-acting
The use of piezoelectric materials under deformation in the electric field to achieve pneumatic valve opening and closing the mouth, so that you can make miniature direct-acting valve. As shown below micro 3/2-way valve, one for the inlet, two gas output port 3 to the exhaust port, valve parts to the middle of the curved piezoelectric material composition of the piezoelectric film. When there is no applied electric field when the valve state in Figure 1: inlet closed, the output port 2 through the exhaust gas through the atmosphere 3. When the piezoelectric control valve on the external electric field, the piezoelectric valve deformation bend, bend the piezoelectric valve closed the exhaust port 3, while the inlet gas port 1 and output 2-connected. This full realization of the traditional two-way solenoid valve function.
2, the piezo-electrical proportional pressure regulator
Deformation of the piezoelectric material is proportional to the applied electric field strength on their use of this feature, you can develop a ratio regulator. Shown in Figure 3, applying different voltages to the piezoelectric control valve, the piezo valves produce different bending deformation, so that the inlet gas port 1 and output 2 and output between the air intake between 2 and exhaust port 3 the formation of different flow resistance, resulting in the output air port 2 to get a different gas pressure. Figure 4 shows the output pressure of the gas ports with 2 control voltage curve.
As the piezoelectric valve during the deformation process from mechanical friction, and piezoelectric valves have fast response and low power consumption, based on the proportion of piezoelectric pressure regulator valve electrical performance superior to many of the traditional ratio regulator . For example, it has no dead zone, the pressure can be adjusted continuously from zero; its fast response, high-speed system to meet the application requirements; its low power consumption, can be battery or solar direct drive.
3, the piezoelectric valve pneumatic valve for the pilot
The micro piezo valve as a pilot stage, its gas flow and pressure to further enlarge, you can get in line with various international standard dimensions of piezoelectric pneumatic valve, also, many of its performance characteristics are superior to conventional solenoid valves.
Fourth, the piezoelectric pneumatic valve the unique advantages of its application
Compared with the traditional electromagnetic pneumatic valves, valve using piezoelectric technology, a low power consumption, fast response and no electromagnetic effects, etc., so it opens up many new areas of application of pneumatic technology.
1, pressure or force precise, continuous control applications where
The use of piezoelectric electrical proportional pressure regulators can replace manual regulators, force or pressure to achieve real-time, continuous automatic control of precision can be applied to a variety of industrial automation, such as tension control, laser cutting or welding equipment , glass cutting or grinding equipment, testing, and so sealed glass container.
2, the smart valve positioner and the application on the ventilator
Smart valve positioner for pneumatic closed loop position control system, pneumatic components requires fast response, low power consumption. Piezoelectric pneumatic valve fully meet their performance requirements, the use of the rapid response of the piezoelectric valve, through the PWM control, superior control performance available.
Medical ventilator pneumatic control system of the same very high and strict performance requirements, piezoelectric pneumatic valve in this field also has a unique application.
3, used in conjunction with the fieldbus
In the field of industrial automation and process control, fieldbus technology is more and more applications. Since there is no electromagnetic effects piezoelectric valve, and low power consumption, driven by the data signal directly, so its good and with field bus interface.
4, where the application of intrinsically safe
As the piezoelectric pneumatic valve power consumption is very low, so it can achieve the highest levels of intrinsically safe requirements, using a variety of hazardous areas.
V. Summary
Piezoelectric pneumatic valve is the piezo pneumatic valve technology into a new technology, compared to traditional pneumatic valve, which has low power consumption, fast response, no electromagnetic interference, long life and no heat, etc. . In industrial and process automation and control have broad application. Piezoelectric technology
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